Digital audio watermarking is an effective method to protect information security
realize anti-counterfeiting traceability
and copyright protection. The multi-echo kernel hiding algorithm has strong information hiding ability and good imperceptibility. However
the problem brought by the increase of the number of backward echoes is that the interference between the backward echoes is large
which leads to the increase of bit error rate and the decrease of system robustness. This paper presents a forward-backward multi-echo kernel hiding algorithm. The forward echo is introduced based on the multi-echo kernel hiding algorithm
and the amplitude of the forward echo in the cepstrum is enhanced to reduce bit error rate and improve the robustness of the system. The results show that the bit error rate of the proposed improved algorithm is 22% lower than that of the multi-echo kernel hiding algorithm
and it has better robust performance and imperceptibility
关键词
Keywords
references
WANG J, WANG R D, YAN D Q, et al. Detection method for echo hiding based on convolutional neural network framework[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2020, 40(2): 375-380. DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2019081400.
ZHANG Q Y, YU D M, GUAN W, et al. Electronic seal system based on digital watermark and its implementation[J]. Computer Engineering and Design, 2007, 28(14): 3483-3485. DOI: 10.16208/j.issn1000-7024.2007.14.063.
ZHANG X J. Design of multiple echoes hiding watermarkingsystem for FM radio[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2015.
OH H O, SEOK J W, HONG J W, et al. New echo embedding technique for robust and imperceptible audio watermarking[C]//Proceedings of 2001 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Salt Lake City, UT, USA: IEEE, 2001. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSP.2001.941176.
HUANG D Y, YEO T Y. Robust and inaudible multi-echo audio watermarking[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia. Taiwan, China: Springer, 2002. DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36228-2_76.
KIM H J, CHOI Y H. A novel echo-hiding scheme with backward and forward kernels[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2003, 13(8): 885-889. DOI: 10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815950.
ZHAO C H, LI F C. Digital audio watermark technique: retrospect and prospect[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2002, 23(6): 57-61. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7043.2002.06.015.
BENDER W, GRUHL D, MORIMOTO N, et al. Techniques for data hiding[J]. IBM Systems Journal, 1996, 35(3-4): 313-336. DOI: 10.1147/sj.353.0 313.
CHEN Q, CHEN Y, DU T T. Echo hidden audio watermarking algorithm based on error correction coding[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2019, 19(30): 227-231 DOI: 227
XU C, WU J, SUN Q. Applications of digital watermarking technology in audio signals[J]. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 1999, 47(10): 805-812. DOI: 805