
- Home
高级 检索
Chinese
English



中国直升机设计研究所, 景德镇 333001
Received:26 November 2025,
Revised:2026-03-22,
Published:28 June 2026
移动端阅览
高晓东, 程起有, 陈浩, 等. 共轴刚性旋翼直升机旋翼/机体耦合动力学设计技术研究综述[J]. 航空工程进展, 2026, 17(3): 122-132.
GAO Xiaodong, CHENG Qiyou, CHEN Hao, et al. Review of coupled rotor-fuselage dynamics design methodology for coaxial rigid rotor helicopter[J]. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering, 2026, 17(3): 122-132.(in Chinese)
高晓东, 程起有, 陈浩, 等. 共轴刚性旋翼直升机旋翼/机体耦合动力学设计技术研究综述[J]. 航空工程进展, 2026, 17(3): 122-132. DOI: 10.16615/j.cnki.1674-8190.2026.03.13.
GAO Xiaodong, CHENG Qiyou, CHEN Hao, et al. Review of coupled rotor-fuselage dynamics design methodology for coaxial rigid rotor helicopter[J]. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering, 2026, 17(3): 122-132.(in Chinese) DOI: 10.16615/j.cnki.1674-8190.2026.03.13.
共轴刚性旋翼构型以紧凑外形赋予直升机卓越的悬停与高速潜力,但其旋翼/机体耦合动力学问题成为制约其发展的瓶颈。本文系统回顾了理论建模、试验验证与工程应用3方面研究进展。理论建模方面:综述了动量/涡与CFD/CSD耦合法的适用边界,对比气动模型精度与效率,阐明高速下气动—伺服—弹性(ASE)耦合效应;试验验证方面:分析了Froude与Mach数相似律冲突所致高速气弹数据缺失,介绍了非接触测量与硬件在环(HIL)仿真;工程应用方面:梳理了减振设计对经验迭代的依赖,探讨数字孪生在载荷虚拟传感中的应用。研究指出,高保真仿真成本过高,亟需发展非线性降阶模型(ROM)与多保真度数据融合;相似律冲突导致的数据缺失是校验瓶颈,未来应转向高置信度模型驱动设计。突破现阶段难点的关键在于构建气动—伺服—弹性一体化建模、虚实融合试验验证及分析驱动适航取证(CbA)的完整数字化技术链。
The coaxial rigid rotor configuration offers compact design, high hover efficiency, and high-speed potential, but its coupled rotor-fuselage dynamics remain a key bottleneck. This paper reviews progress and challenges in three areas: theoretical modeling, experimental validation, and engineering application. For theoretical modeling, the applicable boundaries and accuracy-efficiency trade-offs of momentum/vortex methods versus CFD/CSD coupling are reviewed, the aero-servo-elastic (ASE) effects at high speeds are clarified. For experimental validation, the conflict between Froude and Mach similarity that leads to a lack of high-speed aeroelastic data is analyzed, and non-contact measurements and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation are introduced. For engineering application, the heavy reliance of vibration reduction on empirical iteration is sort out, and digital twins for virtual sensing are explored. The review shows that high-fidelity simulations remain too costly, calling for nonlinear reduced-order models (ROM) and multi-fidelity data fusion. The similitude conflict also hampers model validation. A future shift from experience-driven iteration to high-confidence model-driven design is needed, with an integrated digital chain combining aero-servo-elastic modeling, hybrid (physical-virtual) validation, and analysis-driven certification (CbA).
BLACKWELL R , MILLOTT T . Dynamics design characteristics of the Sikorsky X2 technology demonstrator aircraft [C]∥ 64th Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society . US : AIAA , 2008 : 1 - 13 .
邓景辉 . 高速直升机前行桨叶概念旋翼技术 [J]. 航空科学技术 , 2012 , 23 ( 3 ): 9 - 14 .
DENG Jinghui . The ABC rotor technology for high speed helicopter [J]. Aeronautical Science and Technology , 2012 , 23 ( 3 ): 9 - 14 . (in Chinese)
LEISHMAN J G . Aerodynamic performance considerations in the design of a coaxial proprotor [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2009 , 54 ( 1 ): 12005 - 12014 .
WALSH D , WEINER S , ARIFIAN K , et al . High airspeed testing of the Sikorsky X2 technology demonstrator [C]∥ 67th Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society . US : AIAA , 2011 : 1 - 12 .
INSTITUTE R P , JACOBELLIS G , LABORATORY U A R , et al . A physics-based approach to trim optimization of coaxial helicopters in high-speed flight [C]∥ Proceedings of the Vertical Flight Society 71st Annual Forum . Virginia Beach, VA : The Vertical Flight Society , 2015 : 1 - 17 .
GIOVANETTI E , HALL K . Minimum loss load, twist, and chord distributions for coaxial helicopters in hover [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2017 , 62 ( 1 ): 1 - 9 .
GERSTENBERGER W , WOOD E R . Analysis of helicopter aeroelastic characteristics in high-speed flight [J]. AIAA Journal , 1963 , 1 ( 10 ): 2366 - 2381 .
KVATERNIK R . The NASA/industry design analysis methods for vibrations (DAMVIBS) program-a government overview [C]∥ 33rd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference . Dallas, TX, USA : AIAA , 1992 : 2200 - 2212 .
CRONKHITE J . The NASA/industry design analysis methods for vibrations (DAMVIBS) program-bell helicopter textron accomplishments [C]∥ 33rd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference . Dallas, TX, USA : AIAA , 1992 : 1905 - 1918 .
RAND O , KHROMOV V . Aerodynamic optimization of coaxial rotor in hover and axial flight [C]∥ 27th International Congress of The Aeronautical Sciences . US : IEEE , 2013 : 1 - 13 .
ZHAO J G , HE C J . A finite state dynamic wake model enhanced with vortex particle method-derived modeling parameters for coaxial rotor simulation and analysis [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2016 , 61 ( 2 ): 1 - 9 .
BAGAI A , LEISHMAN J G . Free-wake analysis of tandem, tilt-rotor and coaxial rotor configurations [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 1996 , 41 ( 3 ): 196 - 207 .
SINGH P , FRIEDMANN P P . Application of vortex methods to coaxial rotor wake and load calculations in hover [J]. Journal of Aircraft , 2018 , 55 ( 1 ): 373 - 381 .
LAKSHMINARAYAN V K , BAEDER J D . High-resolution computational investigation of trimmed coaxial rotor aerodynamics in hover [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2009 , 54 ( 4 ): 042008 .
朱正 , 招启军 , 李鹏 . 悬停状态共轴刚性双旋翼非定常流动干扰机理 [J]. 航空学报 , 2016 , 37 ( 2 ): 568 - 578 .
ZHU Zheng , ZHAO Qijun , LI Peng . Unsteady flow interaction mechanism of coaxial rigid rotors in hover [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2016 , 37 ( 2 ): 568 - 578 . (in Chinese)
杨柳青 , 赵国庆 , 王清 , 等 . 旋翼翼型激波/边界层干扰特性分析 [J]. 南京航空航天大学学报 , 2025 , 57 ( 4 ): 739 - 748 .
YANG Liuqing , ZHAO Guoqing , WANG Qing , et al . Characteristics of shock wave/boundary layer interactions on rotor airfoils [J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics , 2025 , 57 ( 4 ): 739 - 748 . (in Chinese)
SCHÄFERLEIN NÉ KOWARSCH U , KEβLER M , KRÄMER E . Aeroelastic simulation of the tail shake phenomenon [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2018 , 63 ( 3 ): 1 - 17 .
AMIRAUX M . Numerical simulation and validation of helicopter blade-vortex interaction using coupled CFD/CSD and three levels of aerodynamic modeling [D]. College Park, MD : University of Maryland, College Park , 2014 .
王司文 , 韩景龙 , 员海玮 . ABC共轴直升机旋翼/机身耦合振动响应分析 [J]. 振动工程学报 , 2023 , 36 ( 5 ): 1318 - 1325 .
WANG Siwen , HAN Jinglong , YUN Haiwei . Analysis of coupled rotor/fuselage vibration response of ABC coaxial helicopter [J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering , 2023 , 36 ( 5 ): 1318 - 1325 . (in Chinese)
张威 , 赵洪 , 徐明 . 基于多重置信度优化的尾座式无人机共轴双旋翼气动设计 [J]. 航空学报 , 2026 , 47 ( 4 ): 37 - 47 .
ZHANG Wei , ZHAO Hong , XU Ming . Aerodynamic design of coaxial rotor for tailsitter UAV based on multi-fidelity optimization [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2026 , 47 ( 4 ): 37 - 47 . (in Chinese)
赵荣泽 , 王博 , 曹德松 , 等 . 基于贝叶斯优化方法的高速共轴对转螺旋桨桨叶气动外形优化设计 [J]. 空气动力学学报 , 2025 , 43 ( 3 ): 67 - 77 .
ZHAO Rongze , WANG Bo , CAO Desong , et al . Aerodynamic shape optimization design of high-speed coaxial counter-rotating propeller blades based on Bayesian optimization method [J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica , 2025 , 43 ( 3 ): 67 - 77 . (in Chinese)
GO J , KIM D , CHAE S , et al . Performance and loads analysis of compound helicopters using a rigid coaxial rotor [C]∥ 6th Asian/Australian Rotorcraft Forum . US : IEEE , 2017 : 1 - 10 .
JACOBELLIS G , ANUSONTI-INTHRA P , GANDHI F . Investigation of blade loads on a modern high-speed lift-offset coaxial helicopter using coupled computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics [C]∥ AHS Aeromechanics Specialists' Meeting . US : IEEE , 2018 : 1 - 13 .
陈全龙 , 韩景龙 , 员海玮 . 旋翼/机身耦合问题的CFD/CSD分析方法 [J]. 振动工程学报 , 2014 , 27 ( 3 ): 370 - 376 .
CHEN Quanlong , HAN Jinglong , YUN Haiwei . CFD/CSD method for coupled rotor/fuselage vibration analysis [J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering , 2014 , 27 ( 3 ): 370 - 376 . (in Chinese)
陈金鹤 , 索谦 , 张威 , 等 . 刚性旋翼参数对纵向动稳定性影响分析 [J]. 航空动力学报 , 2025 , 40 ( 12 ): 377 - 384 .
CHEN Jinhe , SUO Qian , ZHANG Wei , et al . Effect of rigid rotor parameters on longitudinal dynamic stability [J]. Journal of Aerospace Power , 2025 , 40 ( 12 ): 377 - 384 . (in Chinese)
余智豪 , 周云 . 共轴刚性旋翼低阶动载荷特性分析 [J]. 动力学与控制学报 , 2023 , 21 ( 3 ): 69 - 76 .
YU Zhihao , ZHOU Yun . Lower harmonic load analysis of coaxial rigid rotor [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control , 2023 , 21 ( 3 ): 69 - 76 . (in Chinese)
CHENG Q Y , ZHU Y , FENG Z Z , et al . A coupled helicopter rotor/fuselage dynamics model using finite element multi-body [J]. MATEC Web of Conferences , 2016 , 77 : 01016 .
李博 , 王潇 . 共轴双旋翼/尾推桨/传动耦合系统动力学建模与固有特性分析 [J]. 航空学报 , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 528945 .
LI Bo , WANG Xiao . Dynamic modeling and modal analysis of coaxial rotors/auxiliary propeller/drive train coupled system [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 528945 . (in Chinese)
POTSDAM M , YEO H , JOHNSON W . Rotor airloads prediction using loose aerodynamic/structural coupling [J]. Journal of Aircraft , 2006 , 43 ( 3 ): 732 - 742 .
YEO H , JOHNSON W . Performance and loads analysis of a utility helicopter with an improved hub fairing [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2005 , 50 ( 3 ): 225 - 236 .
谭剑锋 , 孙义鸣 , 王浩文 , 等 . 共轴刚性双旋翼非定常气动干扰载荷分析 [J]. 北京航空航天大学学报 , 2018 , 44 ( 1 ): 50 - 62 .
TAN Jianfeng , SUN Yiming , WANG Haowen , et al . Analysis of rigid coaxial rotor unsteady interactional aerodynamic loads [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , 2018 , 44 ( 1 ): 50 - 62 . (in Chinese)
KLIMCHENKO V . CFD/CSD study of interactional aerodynamics of a coaxial compound helicopter in high-speed forward flight [D]. College Park, MD : University of Maryland, College Park , 2020 .
WELLER W H , DAVIS M W . Wind tunnel tests of helicopter blade designs optimized for minimum vibration [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 1989 , 34 ( 3 ): 40 - 50 .
YEAGER W T , MIRICK P H , HAMOUDA M H , et al . Rotorcraft aeroelastic testing in the langley transonic dynamics tunnel [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 1993 , 38 ( 3 ): 73 - 82 .
WILBUR M . Development of a rotor-body coupled analysis for an active mount aero elastic rotor testbed [D]. Washington D.C., USA : George Washington University , 1996 .
BOUSMAN W G . An experimental investigation of the effects of aeroelastic couplings on aeromechanical stability of a hingeless rotor helicopter [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 1981 , 26 ( 1 ): 46 - 54 .
JOHNSON W . Influence of unsteady aerodynamics on hingeless rotor ground resonance [J]. Journal of Aircraft , 1982 , 19 ( 8 ): 668 - 673 .
FRIEDMANN P P , VENKATESAN C . Coupled helicopter rotor/body aeromechanical stability comparison of theoretical and experimental results [J]. Journal of Aircraft , 1985 , 22 ( 2 ): 148 - 155 .
SCHMAUS J . Aeromechanics of a high speed coaxial helicopter rotor [D]. College Park, MD : University of Maryland, College Park , 2020 .
HAN C H , YUN C Y , KIM S J , et al . Aeromechanical stability investigation of a composite hingeless rotor in hover [J]. Journal of the American Helicopter Society , 2003 , 48 ( 3 ): 159 - 166 .
凌爱民 . 无轴承旋翼直升机气动机械稳定性分析 [J]. 南京航空航天大学学报 , 2011 , 43 ( 3 ): 413 - 418 .
LING Aimin . Analysis of aeromechanic stability for bearingless rotor helicopters [J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics , 2011 , 43 ( 3 ): 413 - 418 . (in Chinese)
孙朋朋 , 刘平安 , 樊枫 , 等 . 悬停状态共轴刚性旋翼机身气动干扰特性 [J]. 航空学报 , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 529284 .
SUN Pengpeng , LIU Ping’an , FAN Feng , et al . Aerodynamic interaction characteristics of coaxial rigid rotor-fuselage in hover condition [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 529284 . (in Chinese)
刘琦 , 史勇杰 , 胡志远 , 等 . 共轴刚性旋翼气动及噪声特性的参数影响分析 [J]. 航空学报 , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 106 - 120 .
LIU Qi , SHI Yongjie , HU Zhiyuan , et al . Parameter effects analysis on aerodynamic and aeroacoustic characteristics of coaxial rigid rotor [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 106 - 120 . (in Chinese)
车海峰 , 叶靓 , 邱福生 , 等 . 机身形状对共轴尾推螺旋桨气动干扰影响研究 [J]. 气动研究与试验 , 2023 , 1 ( 6 ): 41 - 50 .
CHE Haifeng , YE Liang , QIU Fusheng , et al . Research on aerodynamic interference influence of airframe shape on coaxial tail propeller [J]. Aerodynamic Research & Experiment , 2023 , 1 ( 6 ): 41 - 50 . (in Chinese)
PAGLINO V M , BENO E . Full-scale wind tunnel investigation of the advancing blade concept rotor system: Sikorsky Engineering Report 50705 [R]. US : United Aircraft Corporation , 1971 .
LORBER P , AIRCRAFT S , CENTER U T R , et al . Overview of S-97 RAIDER scale model tests [C]∥ Proceedings of the Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum . West Palm Beach, Florida : The Vertical Flight Society , 2016 : 1 - 17 .
ZHAO J G , BRIGLEY M , MODARRES R , et al . S-97 raider rotor vibratory loads analysis using CFD-CSD [C]∥ AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum . San Diego, California : AIAA , 2019 : 860 - 871 .
COMPANY S A L M , TUOZZO N , COMPANY T B , et al . Analytic tool correlation status for the joint multi-role technology demonstrator program [C]∥ Proceedings of the Vertical Flight Society 73rd Annual Forum . Fort Worth, Texas : The Vertical Flight Society , 2017 : 1 - 16 .
卫丽君 , 李书 . 悬停状态带磁流变减摆器直升机的动稳定性分析 [J]. 振动工程学报 , 2012 , 25 ( 6 ): 745 - 751 .
WEI Lijun , LI Shu . The helicopter dynamic stability analysis in hover condition using magneto-rheological dampers [J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering , 2012 , 25 ( 6 ): 745 - 751 . (in Chinese)
程健来 , 孔祥鲲 , 费钟阳 , 等 . 吸波材料覆盖直升机强散射源RCS缩减分析 [J]. 南京航空航天大学学报 , 2024 , 56 ( 2 ): 217 - 226 .
CHENG Jianlai , KONG Xiangkun , FEI Zhongyang , et al . RCS reduction analysis of helicopter's strong scattering source covered with absorbing materials [J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics , 2024 , 56 ( 2 ): 217 - 226 . (in Chinese)
0
Views
0
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010602201714号