In order to integrate a number of large-scale Ocean Observing Systems
a series of instrument protocol standards are now being developed by IEEE and OGC SWE. Some of these standards are applied at the IP—network level and support the integration of existing "lower level" proprietary instrument protocols and software components. Other approaches are intended to be implemented by the instruments themselves. These native instrument protocol standards offer the possibility of more uniform and simpler system architectures. We compare these various approaches
describe how they can be combined with one another
and describe some prototypes that implement them in this paper.
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references
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