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空军工程大学 空管领航学院, 西安 710051
Received:23 June 2026,
Revised:2026-09-23,
Online First:30 September 2026,
移动端阅览
朱苗苗,温祥西,黄子硕,等. 跑道侵入防范技术研究进展[J]. 航空工程进展.
ZHU Miaomiao,WEN Xiangxi,HUANG Zishuo, et al. A review of research progress on runway incursion prevention technology[J]. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering.(in Chinese)
跑道侵入是当前航空安全领域最具挑战性的风险之一,现有跑道侵入防范技术在监视覆盖完整性、冲突检测算法精度、人机交互有效性等方面仍存在不足,目前,国内外已针对上述不足开展了大量研究工作。本文从跑道侵入致因出发,将防范技术归纳为监视技术、冲突检测算法、人机交互系统3个维度,系统综述了广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B)、多点定位(MLAT)、场面监视雷达(SMR)及视频图像识别等监视手段的研究进展;分析了基于几何模型与事件驱动的两类冲突检测算法,重点讨论了跑道占用与跑道冲突两级告警机制。本文认为:多源传感器融合与深度学习是提升监视能力的主流,两级告警机制已成为冲突检测的共识框架,人机交互界面正从单一显示向集成化、智能化决策平台演进;未来需重点攻克非合作目标监视、复杂场景下的算法鲁棒性等关键问题,以构建更完善的跑道侵入防范体系。
Runway incursion remains one of the most challenging risks in aviation safety. Existing prevention technologies still exhibit deficiencies in surveillance coverage completeness, conflict detection algorithm accuracy, and human-machine interaction effectiveness, and extensive research has been conducted to address these deficiencies. Starting from the causes of runway incursions, this paper categorizes prevention technologies into three dimensions: surveillance technology, conflict detection algorithms, and human-machine interaction system. It systematically reviews research progress of surveillance means including Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), Multilateration (MLAT), Surface Movement Radar (SMR), and video image recognition. Two types of conflict detection algorithms-geometry-based and event-driven-are analyzed, with a focus on the two-level alert mechanism distinguishing runway occupancy from runway conflict. This review argues that multi-sensor fusion and deep learning represent the mainstream approach for enhancing surveillance capabilities. The two-tier alert mechanism has become the consensus framework for conflict detection, while human-machine interfaces are evolving from single information displays towards integrated, intelligent decision-support platforms. Future efforts should focus on addressing key challenges such as non-cooperative target surveillance and algorithm robustness in complex scenarios to establish a more comprehensive runway incursion prevention system.
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