Soda residue is the solid waste generated during the ammonia-soda process for soda ash

while there is no effective treatment and utilization disposal method. In order to maximize residue utilization

soda residue

blast furnace slag

steel slag

and desulfurization gypsum were used as composite cementitious material

and iron tailing sand and waste rock were used as aggregate to prepare clinker-free concrete. Results show that by mixing 30% soda residue

45% blast furnace slag

15% steel slag

and 10% desulfurization gypsum

the 28-day compressive strength of the clinker-free concrete could reach up to 38.33 MPa. Hydration products and hydration process of the composite cementitious material were studied through XRD

SEM-EDS

TG-DSC

and IR

and results show that the hydration products of the composite cementitious material were mainly C-S-H gel

ettringite (AFt)

and Friedel’s salt (FS). The synergistic reaction mechanism between the raw materials was analyzed to further understand the formation process of the hydration products. Moreover

durability analysis of all-solid waste concrete demonstrates that the concrete had good frost and carbonation resistance

while its dry shrinkage resistance and sulfate attack resistance were poor. Finally

the preparation conditions

application scope

and application prospects of the soda residue clinker-free concrete were analyzed

which provides an in-depth scientific basis for the harmless and resource utilization of soda residue.