Research on key technologies for 5G legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite communications and future 6G scenarios

Cheng Jinxia; Zhao Yang; Yu Tianyi; Zhao Lin; Deng Wei

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260488

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Research on key technologies for 5G legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite communications and future 6G scenarios

更新时间：2026-09-30

- Research on key technologies for 5G legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite communications and future 6G scenarios
- Telecommunications Science (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国移动通信有限公司研究院，北京 100053
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  Civil Space Technology Pre Research Project(D030101)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260488
  CLC： TN915.85
- Received：16 July 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-08-05，
  
  Accepted：20 August 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Cheng Jinxia, Zhao Yang, Yu Tianyi, et al. Research on key technologies for 5G legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite communications and future 6G scenarios[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026.
DOI：

Cheng Jinxia, Zhao Yang, Yu Tianyi, et al. Research on key technologies for 5G legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite communications and future 6G scenarios[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260488.

摘要

随着5G非地面网络（NTN）技术研究的不断深入以及6G空天地海一体化愿景的提出，存量手机直连卫星技术凭借其低成本、易部署、可快速落地等优势，被视为实现全球无缝覆盖的重要技术途径之一。首先分析了5G存量手机直连卫星场景面临的时频同步失效、随机接入超窗、链路预算不足等核心挑战；其次，针对上述问题，提出了面向存量手机直连卫星的基于动态参考点的时间同步技术、基于静态参考点的频率同步技术、以及随机接入增强技术方案；最后，通过仿真与实验室测试，充分验证了所提存量手机直连卫星技术方案的可行性，同时表明了所提时频同步技术可为6G NTN中无全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）场景中的终端接入与同步提供关键技术支撑。

Abstract

With the continuous deepening of research on 5G non-terrestrial networks (NTN) and the proposal of the 6G integrated space-air-ground-sea vision

the direct-to-satellite technology for legacy smartphones

featuring advantages such as low cost

easy deployment

and rapid implementation

was regarded as one of the important technical approaches to achieve global seamless coverage. Firstly

the core challenges faced by the 5G legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite scenario were analyzed

including time and frequency synchronization failure

random access window overrun and insufficient link budget. Secondly

to address the above issues

a time synchronization scheme based on dynamic reference points

a frequency synchronization scheme based on static reference points

and a random access enhancement scheme for legacy smartphone direct-to-satellite communication were proposed. Finally

through simulations and laboratory measurements

the feasibility of the proposed technical schemes was fully verified

and it was also demonstrated that the proposed time-frequency synchronization schemes can provide key technical support for terminal access and synchronization in global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-free scenarios of 6G NTN.

关键词

Keywords

references

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