RIS substructure-based direct localization algorithm with multipath suppression via compressed sensing

Li Jingjing; Wang Jianhui; Liu Lihao; Zhang Yanyu; Hu Nan

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2026081

Chinese

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

RIS substructure-based direct localization algorithm with multipath suppression via compressed sensing

Papers | 更新时间：2026-05-07

- RIS substructure-based direct localization algorithm with multipath suppression via compressed sensing
- Journal on Communications Vol. 47, Issue 4, Pages: 29-39(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  信息工程大学信息系统工程学院，河南郑州450004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171468;62331024)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2026081
  CLC： TN929.5
- Received：12 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-19，
  
  Accepted：19 March 2026，
  
  Published：20 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李菁菁,王建辉,刘利豪等.基于RIS子结构的压缩感知多径抑制直接定位算法[J].通信学报,2026,47(04):29-39.

Li Jingjing,Wang Jianhui,Liu Lihao,et al.RIS substructure-based direct localization algorithm with multipath suppression via compressed sensing[J].Journal on Communications,2026,47(04):29-39.
李菁菁,王建辉,刘利豪等.基于RIS子结构的压缩感知多径抑制直接定位算法[J].通信学报,2026,47(04):29-39. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2026081.

Li Jingjing,Wang Jianhui,Liu Lihao,et al.RIS substructure-based direct localization algorithm with multipath suppression via compressed sensing[J].Journal on Communications,2026,47(04):29-39. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2026081.

摘要

针对可重构智能表面（RIS）辅助定位在多径环境下精度受限的问题，提出一种基于RIS子结构（RISS）的高精度定位算法。该算法通过将单块RIS划分为多个RISS并对各RISS施加时序正交编码，使接收端能够通过正交解码精确分离各RISS的反射信号分量，将单RIS等效为多个虚拟锚点，从而在单RIS单天线配置下显著提升系统的空间观测维度。在此基础上，构建了基于角度域信号模型的压缩感知直接定位框架，以候选位置到各RISS的几何映射关系构建观测字典，直接在位置域搜索目标，避免了传统两步法中到达角（AoA）等中间参数估计的串级误差；通过联合利用目标位置的一致性约束和多径分量的稀疏性，有效实现目标路径与多径干扰的区分。仿真结果表明，所提算法在复杂多径环境下具有良好的鲁棒性，能够实现亚米级定位精度，为低成本、高精度的RIS辅助定位提供了新的解决方案。

Abstract

To address the limited positioning accuracy of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided system in multipath environments

a high-precision localization algorithm based on RIS substructures was proposed. A single RIS was divided into multiple substructures

and time-sequential orthogonal coding was applied to each substructure

enabling the reflected signal components from different substructures to be accurately separated at the receiver through orthogonal decoding. In this way

a single RIS was made equivalent to multiple virtual anchor points

and the spatial observation dimension of the system was significantly improved under a single RIS and single antenna configuration. On this basis

a compressed-sensing-based direct localization framework was constructed using an angle-domain signal model. An observation dictionary was established according to the geometric mapping relationship between candidate positions and the substructures

and the target was directly estimated in the position domain

thereby avoiding the cascaded errors introduced by the estimation of intermediate parameters

such as the angle of arrival (AoA)

in conventional two-step methods. By jointly exploiting the consistency constraint of the target position and the sparsity of multipath components

the target path was effectively distinguished from multipath interference. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits good robustness in complex multipath environments

achieves sub-meter-level positioning accuracy

and provides a new solution for low-cost and high-precision positioning aided by RIS.

关键词

Keywords

references

Al-Hilo A , Samir M , Elhattab M , et al . Reconfigurable intelligent surface enabled vehicular communication: joint user scheduling and passive beamforming [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2022 , 71 ( 3 ): 2333 - 2345 .

Huang C W , Zappone A , Alexandropoulos G C , et al . Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for energy efficiency in wireless communication [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2019 , 18 ( 8 ): 4157 - 4170 .

Umer A , Müürsepp I , Alam M M , et al . Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in 6G radio localization: a survey of recent developments, opportunities, and challenges [PP ] . V3 . ( 2025-02-04 ) [ 2026-01-12 ] . arXiv: arXiv. 2312 . 07288 .

De Alwis C , Kalla A , Pham Q V , et al . Survey on 6G frontiers: trends, applications, requirements, technologies and future research [J ] . IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society , 2021 , 2 : 836 - 886 .

Premanand R , Sharma S , Vishwakarma N , et al . Intelligent-reflecting-surface-empowered terahertz wireless communication: system modeling and performance analysis [J ] . IEEE Internet of Things Journal , 2024 , 11 ( 23 ): 37842 - 37856 .

Jiang W , Zhou Q H , He J G , et al . Terahertz communications and sensing for 6G and beyond: a comprehensive review [J ] . IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials , 2024 , 26 ( 4 ): 2326 - 2381 .

Patel A , Shukla A , Bhalani J . A comprehensive survey on 6G networks: key technologies and challenges [C ] // 2021 International Conference on Simulation , Automation & Smart Manufacturing (SASM) . Piscataway : IEEE Press , 2021 : 1 - 6 .

孙俊倡 , 谷荣妍 , 马帅 , 等 . 一种基于RIS的宽带毫米波SISO定位方法 [J ] . 电子与信息学报 , 2024 , 46 ( 4 ): 1240 - 1246 .

Sun J C , Gu R Y , Ma S , et al . An RIS assisted wideband millimeter wave SISO-based positioning method [J ] . Journal of Electronics & Information Technology , 2024 , 46 ( 4 ): 1240 - 1246 .

Emenonye D R , Dhillon H S , Buehrer R M . Fundamentals of RIS-aided localization in the far-field [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2024 , 23 ( 4 ): 3408 - 3424 .

Zhang H L , Di B Y , Bian K G , et al . Toward ubiquitous sensing and localization with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces [J ] . Proceedings of the IEEE , 2022 , 110 ( 9 ): 1401 - 1422 .

Keykhosravi K , Denis B , Alexandropoulos G C , et al . Leveraging RIS-enabled smart signal propagation for solving infeasible localization problems: scenarios, key research directions, and open challenges [J ] . IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine , 2023 , 18 ( 2 ): 20 - 28 .

Hassouna S , Ali Jamshed M , Ur-Rehman M , et al . RIS-assisted near-field localization using practical phase shift model [J ] . Scientific Reports , 2024 , 14 : 4350 .

Chen Z M , Chen P , Guo Z Y , et al . A RIS-based vehicle DOA estimation method with integrated sensing and communication system [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , 2024 , 25 ( 6 ): 5554 - 5566 .

Zhao Y Y , Chen P , Sun M J , et al . RIS-aided sensing system with localization function: fundamental and practical design [J ] . IEEE Sensors Journal , 2024 , 24 ( 1 ): 506 - 514 .

Li J J , Wang J H , Cui W J , et al . UAV-mounted RIS-aided multi-target localization system: an efficient sparse-reconstruction-based approach [J ] . Drones , 2024 , 8 ( 11 ): 694 .

Zhang S B , Zhang S , Gao F F , et al . Deep learning optimized sparse antenna activation for reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted communication [PP ] . V1 . ( 2020-09-03 )[ 2026-01-12 ] . arXiv: arXiv. 2009 . 01607 .

Pu Q L , Lan X , Zhou M , et al . RIS-aided indoor positioning system based on passive reflective elements optimization [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2024 , 73 ( 11 ): 17095 - 17105 .

Su R C , Dai L L , Tan J B , et al . Capacity enhancement for reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided wireless network: from regular array to irregular array [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2023 , 72 ( 5 ): 6392 - 6403 .

He J G , Fakhreddine A , Vanwynsberghe C , et al . 3D localization with a single partially-connected receiving RIS: positioning error analysis and algorithmic design [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2023 , 72 ( 10 ): 13190 - 13202 .

Cui Y S , Yin H F , Tan L , et al . A 3D positioning-based channel estimation method for RIS-aided mmWave communications [PP ] . V3 . ( 2022-04-21 )[ 2026-01-12 ] . arXiv: arXiv. 2203 . 14636 .

Lou Y M , Jin L , Sun X L , et al . Multi-path separation and parameter estimation by single DMA in fading channel [J ] . IET Communications , 2022 , 16 ( 13 ): 1475 - 1485 .

Shourezari E , Mohammad Karbasi S . Multiple-object positioning in NLOS RIS-aided environment: using a single-element antenna [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2025 , 24 ( 4 ): 3376 - 3385 .

Li Y H , Yu W . Localization in multipath environments via active sensing with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces [PP ] . V2 . ( 2024-07-08 )[ 2026-01-12 ] . arXiv: arXiv. 2406 . 19483 .

Rinchi O , Elzanaty A , Alouini M S . Compressive near-field localization for multipath RIS-aided environments [J ] . IEEE Communications Letters , 2022 , 26 ( 6 ): 1268 - 1272 .

Pan M G , Liu P , Liu S H , et al . Efficient joint DOA and TOA estimation for indoor positioning with 5G picocell base stations [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement , 2022 , 71 : 8005219 .

Weiss A , Wornell G W . One-bit direct position determination of narrowband gaussian signals [C ] // 2021 IEEE Statistical Signal Processing Workshop (SSP) . Piscataway : IEEE Press , 2021 : 466 - 470 .

Ren H , Liu H J , Guo R J . A fast direct position determination algorithm for LFM signal based on spectrum detection [J ] . Journal of Sensors , 2022 , 2022 : 2222247 .

Garcia N , Wymeersch H , Larsson E G , et al . Direct localization for massive MIMO [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2017 , 65 ( 10 ): 2475 - 2487 .

Ma S Q , Shen W Q , An J P , et al . Wideband channel estimation for IRS-aided systems in the face of beam squint [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2021 , 20 ( 10 ): 6240 - 6253 .

Selesnick I W , Bayram İ . Sparse signal estimation by maximally sparse convex optimization [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2014 , 62 ( 5 ): 1078 - 1092 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Review on the new antenna evolution for next generation Wi-Fi 7/8 systems

Research on boosting self-sustainability for RIS-aided multi-cluster wireless powered communication networks

Research on task offloading and resource allocation in edge computing network of RIS assisted UAV based on Lyapunov

Time-varying channel estimation in reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted communication system

Related Author

DONG Yuandan

YOU Jiawen

LI Tongbo

FAN Yufei

SHAO Kai

MAO Tiantian

WANG Guangyu

CHU Zheng

Related Institution

School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China

School of Electronic Information, Central South University

AI问答

Postal code：100079
Tel：（010）53879206 Email：tmw@bjxintong.com.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备09082226号-64 京公网安备11010602201714号
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰