Characterization of acoustic propagation and channel analysis in the reliable acoustic path zone of the Zhongsha Sea area

Jingwei YIN; Weizhe LI; Xiao HAN; Li WEI

doi:10.11990/jheu.202506052

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Characterization of acoustic propagation and channel analysis in the reliable acoustic path zone of the Zhongsha Sea area

Research Article | 更新时间：2026-03-31

- Characterization of acoustic propagation and channel analysis in the reliable acoustic path zone of the Zhongsha Sea area
- Journal of Harbin Engineering University Vol. 46, Issue 8, Pages: 1475-1484(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
  2.哈尔滨工程大学极地海洋声学与技术应用教育部重点实验室, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
  3.哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
  4.哈尔滨工程大学青岛创新发展中心, 山东青岛 266400
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11990/jheu.202506052
  CLC： O427.1
- Received：05 May 2025，
  
  Online First：09 July 2025，
  
  Published：05 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Jingwei YIN, Weizhe LI, Xiao HAN, et al. Characterization of acoustic propagation and channel analysis in the reliable acoustic path zone of the Zhongsha Sea area[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2025, 46(8): 1475-1484.
DOI：

Jingwei YIN, Weizhe LI, Xiao HAN, et al. Characterization of acoustic propagation and channel analysis in the reliable acoustic path zone of the Zhongsha Sea area[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2025, 46(8): 1475-1484. DOI： 10.11990/jheu.202506052.

摘要

为构建海洋浅表层与近底层间的高效跨层通信系统

本文基于南海中沙海域非完全深海声道环境下的全海深声传播实验数据

探究了可靠声路径区域在不同声源深度、接收深度和传播距离条件下的信道特性及其物理形成机制。结果表明: 当声源深度位于海底附近共轭深度对应的声速层时

可实现类似完全深海声道的远距离直达声传播; 可靠声路径区域信道呈现明显的分簇稀疏特征

且不同簇之间具有显著的时变性差异; 信道多径时延随接收深度和传播距离的增加呈减小趋势; 此外

较浅声源深度对应的信道结构更为简单

有利于通信系统优化。本研究不仅揭示了非完全深海声道环境下跨层声传播的物理机制

同时为中沙海域可靠声路径区水声通信系统的设计与性能优化提供了实验依据和理论参考。

Abstract

To establish an efficient cross-layer communication system between the ocean's near-surface and nearbottom layers

this paper systematically investigates the channel characteristics of the reliable acoustic path region under varying source depths

receiver depths

and propagation distances

based on full-depth acoustic propagation experimental data in the non-fully developed deep-sea sound channel environment of the Zhongsha region in the South China Sea. Furthermore

the underlying physical mechanisms are thoroughly analyzed. The results revealed the following: Long-distance direct sound propagation similar to that under the completely deep-sea sound channel can be realized when the sound velocity at the sound source depth has a conjugate depth near the seafloor. The channel in the RAP zone exhibits a clear split-cluster sparsity characteristic

and there is a notable difference in the time variability between different clusters. The multipath delay of the channel in the direct-arrival zone decreases with an increase in the receiving depth and the receiving distance. Moreover

experimental results showed that in the RAP zone

shallower source depths correspond to simpler channel structures. This study not only reveals the physical mechanism of cross-layer sound propagation in the noncomplete deep-sea sound channel environment but also provides an experimental basis and a theoretical reference for the design and performance optimization of the underwater acoustic communication system in the RAP zone of the Zhongsha waters.

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