A one-dimensional performance simulation for a four-stroke ignited turbocharging aviation engine with different fuels was made by an engine performance simulation software GT-Power to optimize the anti-knock quality. Through the reasonable adjustment of the compression ratio

boost pressure

air-fuel ratio

cylinder diameter

ignition timing

knock tendency of the engine using the new fuel was optimized

and engines main output parameters were roughly maintained. When replacing the No.93 gasoline fuel with a new type fuel of 61 octane number

the power can reach 89% of the original power output after using the method without expanding the diameter of the cylinder and 95% after using the method of expanding the diameter of the cylinder; the specific fuel consumption increased about 5.4% and 6.1%

respectively; and the exhaust temperature increased about 11.4% and 13.4%

respectively.