The principle of engine electrostatic monitoring technology was introduced. The complex noise components and types of electrostatic monitoring signals were analyzed. The shortcomings of classical denoising methods were summarized. For the complex noise filtering problem of electrostatic signals

a denoising method based on sparse decomposition was proposed. The process of denoising method based on sparse decomposition was analyzed. The simulation signal and the electrostatic signal of real test vehicle were taken as the analysis objects

and the denoising analysis was carried out by using the proposed method. Compared with the example verification and the denoising effect of other classical methods

the results show that the electrostatic signal denoising method based on sparse decomposition has high flexibility

and can effectively remove the Gaussian white noise and power frequency interference noise contained in the signal background

and retain the components of the useful pulse signal. It has a good application effect on the complex electrostatic signal denoising.