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南京航空航天大学直升机动力学全国重点实验室,南京 210016
Received:10 December 2024,
Revised:2025-05-15,
Published:28 April 2026
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杨舒涵,陈仁良,叶毅. 基于路径生成与动态逆控制的直升机动态着舰仿真[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版),2026,58(2):295⁃304.
YANG Shuhan, CHEN Renliang, YE Yi. Simulation of helicopter dynamic landing based on path planning and dynamic inverse control[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics(Natural Science Edition),2026, 58(2):295⁃304.
杨舒涵,陈仁良,叶毅. 基于路径生成与动态逆控制的直升机动态着舰仿真[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版),2026,58(2):295⁃304. DOI: 10.16356/j.2097-6771.2026.02.005.
YANG Shuhan, CHEN Renliang, YE Yi. Simulation of helicopter dynamic landing based on path planning and dynamic inverse control[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics(Natural Science Edition),2026, 58(2):295⁃304. DOI: 10.16356/j.2097-6771.2026.02.005.
在考虑舰船艉流、大气紊流、舰船运动以及旋翼与甲板的地面效应对直升机动态着舰过程的操纵量和姿态影响基础上,本文提出了一种直升机动态着舰仿真方法。首先,建立了考虑舰船艉流与大气紊流影响的直升机动力学模型,并验证了其准确性。其次,基于微分平坦原理,将直升机动态着舰过程转换为轨迹生成问题,得到时间最优的直升机动态着舰轨迹。再次,设计了基于非线性动态逆的直升机动态着舰控制律,该控制律基于两层递进式的控制架构,结合了非线性动态逆解耦效果好、响应迅速的优势,与轨迹生成路径平滑且易于跟踪的特点。最后,以UH‑60直升机和SFS2护卫舰为例进行动态着舰仿真,对比了有无风场两种情况下的仿真结果。结果表明:本文采用的轨迹生成方法能够快速更新,满足直升机动态着舰的实时性要求;设计的控制律能够有效控制误差,抵抗风场干扰;提出的直升机动态着舰方法能有效捕捉舰船艉流对直升机模型的影响,并有效模拟直升机动态着舰过程中的直升机操纵量和运动的时间历程。
This paper proposes a dynamic landing simulation method for helicopters, considering the effects of ship wake, atmospheric turbulence, and ship motion, as well as the ground effect between the rotor and the deck, on the control quantities and attitude during the dynamic landing process of helicopters. Firstly, a dynamics model of the helicopter affected by the ship’s wake and atmospheric turbulence is established and its trim and dynamic response are verified. Secondly, based on the principle of differential flatness, the dynamic landing process of the helicopter is transformed into a trajectory generation problem, and a reasonable and feasible dynamic trajectory for the helicopter’s dynamic landing is obtained. Then, a helicopter dynamic landing control law based on nonlinear dynamic inversion is designed. This control law is based on a two-layer progressive control architecture, combining the advantages of good decoupling and rapid response of nonlinear dynamic inversion, with the characteristics of smooth trajectory generation path and easy tracking. Finally, dynamic landing simulations are carried out with the UH-60 helicopter and SFS2 frigate as examples, and the simulation results under two conditions, with and without wind field, are compared. The results show that the adopted trajectory generation method can be updated quickly and meet the real-time requirements of helicopter dynamic landing. The designed control law can effectively improve the landing accuracy and resist wind field interference. The proposed helicopter dynamic landing method can effectively capture the influence of the stern current of the ship on the helicopter model, and effectively simulate the time history of the helicopter handling quantity and motion during the dynamic landing process of the helicopter.
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