Integration of Communication， Sensing， and Measurement Technology Based on Photonic Spread-spectrum Phase Encoding （Invited）

WANG Yemeng; ZHONG Ningyuan; BAI Wenlin; HE Tao; PAN Wei; YAN Lianshan; ZOU Xihua

doi:10.3788/gzxb20265503.0355107

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Integration of Communication， Sensing， and Measurement Technology Based on Photonic Spread-spectrum Phase Encoding （Invited）

Special Issue for Microwave Photonics | 更新时间：2026-04-21

- Integration of Communication， Sensing， and Measurement Technology Based on Photonic Spread-spectrum Phase Encoding （Invited）
- Acta Photonica Sinica Vol. 55, Issue 3, Pages: 114-125(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院信息光子与通信中心，成都 611756
  2.西南电子设备研究所微波光子技术实验室，成都 610036
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20507)
- DOI：10.3788/gzxb20265503.0355107
  CLC： TN929.1
- CSTR：32255.14.gzxb20265503.0355107
- Received：24 August 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-18，
  
  Accepted：12 January 2026，
  
  Published：25 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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汪叶梦，钟宁远，白文林，等. 基于光子学扩频相位编码的通感测一体化技术（特邀）［J］.光子学报，2026，55（3）：0355107

WANG Yemeng， ZHONG Ningyuan， BAI Wenlin， et al. Integration of Communication， Sensing， and Measurement Technology Based on Photonic Spread-spectrum Phase Encoding （Invited）［J］. Acta Photonica Sinica， 2026， 55（3）：0355107
汪叶梦，钟宁远，白文林，等. 基于光子学扩频相位编码的通感测一体化技术（特邀）［J］.光子学报，2026，55（3）：0355107 DOI： 10.3788/gzxb20265503.0355107. CSTR： 32255.14.gzxb20265503.0355107.

WANG Yemeng， ZHONG Ningyuan， BAI Wenlin， et al. Integration of Communication， Sensing， and Measurement Technology Based on Photonic Spread-spectrum Phase Encoding （Invited）［J］. Acta Photonica Sinica， 2026， 55（3）：0355107 DOI： 10.3788/gzxb20265503.0355107. CSTR： 32255.14.gzxb20265503.0355107.

摘要

针对通信感知一体化系统存在的抗多址、多径、窄带等能力弱的问题，提出一种基于光子学扩频相位编码的通感测一体化系统，该系统的关键是微波光子相位编码和扩频技术的结合。将每个用户的通信比特流扩频、扰频后加上直流偏置并编码到线性调频连续波上生成一体化信号，通过光子学去啁啾实现了雷达功能的同时辅助了通信同步，并利用阵列化系统实现了三维定位，有效实现实际场景中通感测一体化融合。仿真结果表明，在生成通信速率为12.5 Mb/s、扩频因子为256的一体化信号情况下，信干噪比为负时依然可以进行可靠通信；雷达的信干比可达33 dB，空间分辨率为12 cm，三维定位均方根误差为0.492 m。此外，灵活调节频率和扩频因子等参数，可以适应雷达和通信的不同需求。这是三维定位和光子学扩频码分多址ISAC系统的首次仿真演示。

Abstract

Integrated Sensing and Communication （ISAC） has become a pivotal technology for 6G networks， addressing the increasing demands for data transmission and environmental awareness in advanced applications such as autonomous vehicles and smart IoT homes. However， conventional Radio Frequency （RF）-based ISAC systems face inherent challenges， including limited bandwidth， susceptibility to electromagnetic interference， and frequency-dependent losses， which constrain their ability to generate and process high-frequency broadband signals. Microwave Photonics （MWP） has emerged as a transformative solution that leverages optical technologies to overcome electronic bottlenecks， offering three key advantages： high-bandwidth signal processing capability， inherent immunity to RF interference， and a compact architecture with low power consumption. In communication systems， traditional multiplexing methods—such as Time Division Multiplexing （TDM）， Frequency Division Multiplexing （FDM）， and hybrid approaches—have been widely employed to enhance channel efficiency. Nevertheless， these methods exhibit limited resilience to interference. Code Division Multiplexing （CDM）， a well-established wireless technology derived from spread spectrum communication， uses unique codes to differentiate user data， enabling simultaneous transmission over the same frequency band for multiple users. CDM provides three significant benefits： robust multiple-access capability， intrinsic resistance to multipath interference， and improved signal security. Although prior research has demonstrated the potential of CDM， the integration of photonic-based Code Division Multiple Access （CDMA） with ISAC systems remains an underexplored area that warrants further investigation.

To address this research gap， we introduce a photonics-based ISAC system that combines spread spectrum coding， CDMA， and chirp waveform modulation. The proposed scheme features two main innovations： First， it achieves orthogonalization of user signals through specialized spread spectrum codes and scrambling sequences， effectively reducing random noise， inter-user interference， and multipath effects. This significantly enhances interference resistance and enables multi-user scalability. Second， the DC-biased spread spectrum encoding applied to Linear Frequency Modulation （LFM） signals generates integrated waveforms with unique chirp-phase characteristics and improved cross-correlation performance. This approach not only supports synchronization of communication sequences but also facilitates radar sensing via simplified photonic de-chirping processing， substantially lowering the Analog-to-Digital Converter （ADC） sampling rate requirements in radar receivers. For 3D positioning， we employ the Time Difference of Arrival （TDOA） method combined with a Chan-Taylor hybrid algorithm， enabling accurate localization with smaller network overhead. This integration of communication， sensing， and measurement systems has been successfully realized. Simulation results demonstrate the system's robustness： even under negative Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio （SINR） conditions， spread spectrum phase coding sustains simultaneous multi-user communication and sensing. The system achieves decimeter-level distance resolution and high-precision near-field positioning. Parameter analysis evaluates the impact of DC bias， Voltage Peak-to-Peak （Vpp）， Received Optical Power （ROP）， and gain on communication performance in terms of Bit Error Rate （BER） and Signal-to-Interference Ratio （SIR）.

This research provides valuable insights for designing high-performance， interference-resistant integrated sensing and communication systems applicable to areas such as UAV control and management， smart homes， and intelligent transportation.

关键词

Keywords

references

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