Research on the optimization method for the layout of public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields

LIN Xuezhu; DONG Jiyu; GUO Lili; LI Lijuan

doi:10.3788/gzxb20265507.0712002

Chinese

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Research on the optimization method for the layout of public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields

更新时间：2026-06-10

- Research on the optimization method for the layout of public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields
- Acta Photonica Sinica Pages: 1-26(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  长春理工大学光电工程学院飞行器结构检测与评估学科与技术中心，长春 130022
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3788/gzxb20265507.0712002
  CLC： TH741
- CSTR：32255.14.gzxb20265507.0712002
- Received：25 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-03-23，
  
  Accepted：27 April 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
林雪竹，董济育，郭丽丽，等. 多系统协同测量场公共转站点布设优化方法［J］.光子学报，2026，55（7）：0712002

LIN Xuezhu， DONG Jiyu， GUO Lili， et al. Research on the optimization method for the layout of public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields［J］. Acta Photonica Sinica， 2026， 55（7）：0712002
林雪竹，董济育，郭丽丽，等. 多系统协同测量场公共转站点布设优化方法［J］.光子学报，2026，55（7）：0712002 DOI： 10.3788/gzxb20265507.0712002. CSTR： 32255.14.gzxb20265507.0712002.

LIN Xuezhu， DONG Jiyu， GUO Lili， et al. Research on the optimization method for the layout of public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields［J］. Acta Photonica Sinica， 2026， 55（7）：0712002 DOI： 10.3788/gzxb20265507.0712002. CSTR： 32255.14.gzxb20265507.0712002.

摘要

在多系统协同测量场中测站已知的前提下，为了进一步提高不同系统、不同站位之间的数据融合精度，提出一种多系统协同测量场的公共转站点优化布设方法。首先，建立多系统协同测量坐标统一模型及测量场精度评价模型；其次，基于隐藏点移除算法实现工装遮挡下的单测站可视区域判定，通过几何容差方法结合各单站可视区域实现多测站共视区域判定，为公共转站点选址提供可视及观测冗余条件；再次，运用蒙特卡洛法进行不确定度分析以优化候选点集，依据差异化精度阈值筛选得到最优公共转站点集合；最后，通过仿真分析与实例验证对方法性能进行评估。结果表明：本文方法的整体测站均方根误差与公共转站点均方根误差，较传统方法提升约34%与32%，较兼顾位置分布与测量精度的坐标转换公共点优选方法分别提升约15%与22%，在某飞机实际装配现场的多系统协同测量场中，整体测站均方根误差与公共转站点均方根误差分别为0.078 mm和0.071 mm。该方法为复杂遮挡环境下多系统协同测量场的高精度、稳健组网提供了有效解决方案与理论支持。

Abstract

In the domain of high-end precision equipment manufacturing and the assembly of large-scale components， such as large machinery and complex opto-mechanical systems， the multi-system collaborative measurement field has emerged as an advanced methodology. By integrating diverse measurement instruments （e.g.， laser trackers， electronic theodolites） for coordinated data acquisition and fusion， it offers extensive spatial coverage， high precision， and enhanced efficiency， providing critical measurement support throughout the manufacturing process. The core challenge lies in achieving precise spatial coordinate unification among these heterogeneous systems， which differ significantly in measurement principles， error sources， and coverage capabilities. The spatial distribution of public transfer stations， which serve as common reference points for coordinate transformation between different instrument stations and systems， is pivotal for ensuring transformation accuracy， improving network efficiency， and enhancing overall measurement field stability. However， current practices predominantly rely on manual， experience-based placement of these stations， guided by principles of uniform distribution over the component's surface. This approach often neglects critical constraints such as line-of-sight visibility under complex tooling occlusions， the redundancy of multi-station observations， and the propagation of measurement uncertainties. Consequently， it frequently leads to suboptimal point selection， necessitating repeated on-site adjustments， compromising measurement efficiency， and ultimately degrading the accuracy and robustness of the coordinate transformation. Therefore， there is a pressing need for a systematic， optimization-driven methodology for deploying public transfer stations within a pre-planned multi-system measurement network to maximize data fusion precision.To address this gap， this paper proposes a comprehensive optimization method for the placement of public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields. The methodology unfolds in several interconnected stages. First， a unified coordinate transformation model and a corresponding accuracy evaluation model for the multi-system measurement field are established. The transformation model employs a weighted least-squares approach to solve for optimal rotation and translation parameters between local and global coordinate systems， while the evaluation model defines overall root mean square error （RMSE） metrics for both instrument stations and public points to quantify network precision. Second， an optimization model for station placement is constructed， focusing on two core functionalities： visibility determination and uncertainty-based optimization. For visibility， the Hidden Point Removal （HPR） algorithm is introduced to accurately determine the visible region on the target component from each individual station， accounting for occlusions from tooling and fixtures. Subsequently， a geometric tolerance method is applied to intersect these individual visible regions， identifying common-view areas observable by multiple stations simultaneously， thereby ensuring necessary observational redundancy for public points. Third， candidate points within the common-view areas are generated via voxel-based down-sampling to reduce computational load. Then， a Monte Carlo simulation is employed for uncertainty analysis. Distinct error models for the laser tracker （incorporating distance and angular errors） and the electronic theodolite （incorporating instrument and sighting errors） are used to predict the three-dimensional measurement uncertainty for each candidate point. Finally， differential accuracy thresholds are applied to filter the candidate set， yielding an optimal collection of public transfer stations that satisfy both visibility and precision requirements.The effectiveness of the proposed method is rigorously validated through a detailed simulation experiment centered on a large aircraft model （10m×5m×3m） within a measurement volume of 12m×9m×4m， featuring complex tooling occlusions. The collaborative network comprised six laser tracker stations and four electronic theodolite stations. The results demonstrated significant advantages over traditional empirical placement. Regarding deployment efficiency and reliability， the proposed method achieved a 100% first-attempt network success rate， meaning all ten stations were successfully integrated into a unified network with sufficient （≥3） common points between necessary station pairs without requiring supplementary points. In contrast， the traditional method only achieved a 70% success rate initially， necessitating additional point placement to complete the network. More importantly， in terms of measurement accuracy， the optimized layout yielded a station overall RMSE of 0.055 mm and a public transfer station overall RMSE of 0.046 mm. These figures represent a substantial improvement of approximately 34% and 32%， respectively， compared to the traditional method's station overall RMSE of 0.084 mm and public point overall RMSE of 0.068 mm. Analysis revealed that the optimized points were concentrated in key structural areas （fuselage， wings， empennage） and exhibited a tighter， superior distribution of coordinate uncertainty. The method effectively suppressed error accumulation， which was more pronounced in the traditional scheme due to longer chains of coordinate transformations.In conclusion， this research presents a novel and systematic optimization methodology for deploying public transfer stations in multi-system collaborative measurement fields with predetermined instrument stations. By integrating a visibility analysis framework based on the HPR algorithm and multi-station common-view intersection with a precision optimization module based on system-specific error modeling and Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis， the method overcomes the limitations of experience-based placement. The experimental results on a complex aircraft model confirm that the proposed approach not only significantly enhances the efficiency and reliability of the initial network establishment but also delivers markedly superior coordinate unification accuracy for both the instrument stations and the public points themselves. This study provides a robust theoretical foundation and a practical solution for constructing high-precision， stable， and efficient multi-system collaborative measurement networks， especially in environments characterized by significant occlusions. It offers valuable guidance for practical engineering applications in the precision manufacturing and assembly of large-scale components.

关键词

Keywords

references

SUN Jing ， LIN Xuezhu ， GUO Lili ， et al . Structural shape perception technology based on multi-source system fusion ［J］. Acta Photonica Sinica ， 2023 ， 52 （ 02 ）： 217 - 232 .

孙静，林雪竹，郭丽丽，等 . 基于多源系统融合的结构形态感知技术［J］. 光子学报， 2023 ， 52 （ 02 ）： 217 - 232 .

ZUO Zhiwei ， LIN Xuezhu ， FU Xihong ， et al . Optical axis quantification characterization method based on multi-system collaborative measurement ［J］. Acta Optica Sinica ， 2025 ， 45 （ 01 ）： 115 - 125 .

左志伟，林雪竹，付西红，等 . 基于多系统协同测量的光轴量化表征方法［J］. 光学学报， 2025 ， 45 （ 01 ）： 115 - 125 .

HU Shuai ， WEI Kaili ， ZHAO Ziyue . Discussion on the construction scheme of a multi-system collaborative geometric measurement platform for aircraft digital manufacturing assembly ［J］. China Metrology ， 2021 ，（ 4 ）： 100 - 102 .

胡帅，魏开利，赵子越 . 用于飞机数字化制造装配的多系统协同几何量测量平台构建方案探讨［J］. 中国计量， 2021 ，（ 4 ）： 100 - 102 .

GUO Yinggang ， SHI Fengmiao ， XU Jiaze . Current Status and Prospects of Industrial Measurement Technology Based on Multi-sensor Fusion ［J］. Surveying and Mapping Bulletin ， 2025 ，（ S1 ）： 44 - 49 .

郭迎钢，石风淼，徐嘉泽 . 多传感器融合的工业测量技术现状及展望［J］. 测绘通报， 2025 ，（ S1 ）： 44 - 49 .

SUN Anbin ， CAO Tieze ， WANG Jihu ， et al . Technoloqical development trends of geometric dimension measurements of large parts in the High-end equipment ［J］. Metrology & Measurement Technology ， 2021 ， 41 （ 2 ）： 41 - 50 .

孙安斌，曹铁泽，王继虎，等 . 高端装备大型零部件几何尺寸测量技术现状及趋势［J］. 计测技术， 2021 ， 41 （ 2 ）： 41 - 50 . DOI: 10.11823 http://dx.doi.org/10.11823

TAN Jiubin ， JIANG Zhuangde ， LUO Jianbin ， et al . Basic Theory and Method of Precision Measurement for High-end Precision Equipment ［J］. China Science Foundation ， 2022 ， 36 （ 06 ）： 955 - 962 .

谭久彬，蒋庄德，雒建斌，等 . 高端精密装备精度测量基础理论与方法［J］. 中国科学金， 2022 ， 36 （ 06 ）： 955 - 962 .

XIAO Qingdong ， ZHANG Xuerui ， GUO Feiyan ， et al . Research status and development trend of active real-time control technology for aircraft assembly quality ［J］. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology ， 2021 ， 64 （ 20 ）： 22 - 35 .

肖庆东，张学睿，郭飞燕，等 . 飞机装配质量主动实时控制技术研究现状与发展趋势［J］. 航空制造技术， 2021 ， 64 （ 20 ）： 22 - 35 .

CHEN Wenliang ， LI Yixing ， FENG Suling . Analysis and Prospect of Assembly Technology for Aircraft Composite Fuselage Panels ［J］. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology ， 2024 ， 67 （ 16 ）： 59 - 73 .

陈文亮，李奕星，冯素玲 . 飞机复合材料机身壁板装配技术分析与展望［J］. 航空制造技术， 2024 ， 67 （ 16 ）： 59 - 73 .

SHANG Hang ， LIU Changying ， WANG Ruijian . Measurement methods of 3D shape of large-scale complex surfaces based on computer vision： A review ， 2022 ， 197 ： 111302 .

WANG Yucheng ， HU Wusheng . The Influence of Common Point Selection on Transformation Accuracy in Coordinate Transformation ［J］. Modern Surveying and Mapping ， 2008 ， 31 （ 05 ）： 13 - 15

王玉成，胡伍生 . 坐标转换中公共点选取对于转换精度的影响［J］. 现代测绘， 2008 ， 31 （ 05 ）： 13 - 15 .

DING K L ， JIN T T ， JIANG Z Q ， et al . Optimization and accuracy analysis of point spatial distribution based on three-dimensional multi-point intersection ［J］. Optics and Precision Engineering ， 2021 ， 29 （ 4 ）： 691 - 700 .

丁克良，靳婷婷，蒋志强，等 . 三维多点交会点位空间分布优化与精度分析［J］. 光学精密工程， 2021 ， 29 （ 4 ）： 691 - 700 . DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20212904.0691 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/OPE.20212904.0691

DING Ting ， HE Xiaoye ， WANG Wei ， et al . A common points selection method based on the uniformity of FLTMMS for pre-alignment of particle accelerators ［J］. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A： Accelerators， Spectrometers， Detectors and Associated Equipment ， 2024 ， 1062 ： 169147 .

LIN Xuezhu ， WANG Dexian ， FU Xihong ， et al . Station planning method for collaborative measurement field of multi-sensor systems ［J］. Acta Photonica Sinica ， 2024 ， 53 （ 08 ）： 226 - 242 .

林雪竹，王德选，付西红，等 . 面向多传感系统协同测量场的站位规划方法［J］. 光子学报， 2024 ， 53 （ 08 ）： 226 - 242 .

XIONG Tao ， LI Longgao ， LI Qi ， et al . Station Planning for Laser Tracker Based on Combined Measurement ［J］. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress ， 2021 ， 58 （ 17 ）： 246 - 255

熊涛，李泷杲，李琦，等 . 基于组合测量的激光跟踪仪站位规划［J］. 激光与光电子学进展， 2021 ， 58 （ 17 ）： 246 - 255 . DOI: 10.3788/lop202259.1712001 http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop202259.1712001

YU Hao ， DU Fuzhou . Flexible Inspection Technology for Large-Scale Products Based on Combined Measurement ［J］. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems ， 2019 ， 25 （ 05 ）： 1037 - 1046 .

于浩，杜福洲 . 基于组合测量的大尺度产品柔性检测技术［J］. 计算机集成制造系统， 2019 ， 25 （ 05 ）： 1037 - 1046 .

YIN Hui ， WANG Jingjing ， TIAN Xin . Common points selection in 3D datum transformation ［J］. Journal of Geomatics ， 2016 ， 41 （ 2 ）： 14 - 17 .

尹晖，王晶晶，田鑫 . 三维空间基准转换公共点选取的新方法［J］. 测绘地理信息， 2016 ， 41 （ 2 ）： 14 - 17 . DOI: 10.14188/j.2095-6045.2016.02.003 http://dx.doi.org/10.14188/j.2095-6045.2016.02.003

HE Junkai ， XU Dongsheng ， WANG Mingyuan ， et al . Research on coordinate transformation model considering the spatial distribution of control points ［J］. GNSS World of China ， 2022 ， 47 （ 1 ）： 18 - 22 .

贺俊凯，徐东升，王明远，等 . 顾及控制点空间分布的坐标转换模型研究［J］. 全球定位系统， 2022 ， 47 （ 1 ）： 18 - 22 .

LIU Zhonghe ， LI Zongchun ， HE Hua . A Public Point Optimization Method for Coordinate Transformation Considering Both Location Distribution and Measurement Accuracy ［J］. Optics and Precision Engineering ， 2024 ， 32 （ 24 ）： 3632 - 3643

刘忠贺，李宗春，何华 . 兼顾位置分布及测量精度的坐标转换公共点优选方法［J］. 光学精密工程， 2024 ， 32 （ 24 ）： 3632 - 3643 .

MA Yixin ， ZHOU Weihu ， ZHANG Zili ， DONG Dengfeng ， et al . Unified least squares adjustment of laser tracker network measurement ［J］. Measurement ， 2025 ， 2025 ： 117566 .

FAN Baixing ， LI Guangyun ， ZHOU Weihu ， etc Space Joint Adjustment Model and Accuracy Analysis of Laser Tracker ［J］. Journal of Wuhan University （Information Science Edition）， 2018 ， 43 （ 01 ）： 120 - 126 .

范百兴，李广云，周维虎，等 . 激光跟踪仪空间联合平差模型及精度分析［J］. 武汉大学学报（信息科学版）， 2018 ， 43 （ 01 ）： 120 - 126 .

ZHANG Yang ， WANG Xu ， CUI Jiacheng ， et al . Towards perceptive assembly： An edge vision network-enabled augmented reality （AR） monitoring method for global shape and mechanical information in large aerospace components ［J］. Journal of Manufacturing Systems ， 2026 ， 84 ： 117 - 134 .

ZOU Jingui ， YANG Dingliang . Accuracy analysis of multilateral intersection measurement based on optimization layout without directional points ［J］. Journal of Wuhan University （Information Science Edition）， 2022 ， 47 （ 10 ）： 1758 - 1765 .

邹进贵，杨丁亮 . 无定向点优化布局的多边交会测量精度分析［J］. 武汉大学学报（信息科学版）， 2022 ， 47 （ 10 ）： 1758 - 1765 .

SONG Jiansheng . Analysis of Digital Measurement and Error Control Technology in Aircraft Assembly Process ［J］. China Machinery ， 2024 ，（ 36 ）： 4 - 7 .

宋建生 . 飞机装配工艺中数字化测量与误差控制技术分析［J］. 中国机械， 2024 ，（ 36 ）： 4 - 7 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Calibration Method for Optical Motion Capture System in Large Scene

Orientation Method of Digital Zenith Camera Based on Coordinate Transformation

DETECTING TRAJECTORIES IN SPATIAL POINTS ASSEMBLY

Research Progress in Optical Quantum Detection Technology （Invited）

Geiger-mode GaN Avalanche Photodiode with Ultra-low Leakage Current （Invited）

Related Author

LUO Haolong

LI Jiansheng

ZOU Danping

YANG Zidi

LI Guangyun

LIU Xian-yi

ZHANG Zhi-li

ZHOU Zhao-fa

Related Institution

School of Geospatial Information，Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location-based Services， Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Rocket Force University of Engineering

Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Academia Sinica

AI问答

Postal code：100079
Tel：（010）53879206 Email：tmw@bjxintong.com.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备09082226号-64 京公网安备11010602201714号
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰