Aiming at the problems of unreasonable clustering and poor path searching performance in wireless sensor networks

a Improved Gravitational Search Algorithm for Ring routing protocol was proposed(IGSAR). Firstly

the area covered by nodes is divided into rings

and the number of members of each cluster in each ring is given. By recording the number of signals received by neighbor nodes

the nodes announce clustering after reaching the set value

and then elect cluster heads within the cluster. In the inter-cluster routing

gravity search algorithm is adopted to find the optimal path

and dynamic weight optimization search algorithm is introduced to transmit data to the sink node in the way of multiple hops. Simulation results show that IGSAR is better than LEACH and EEUC in energy balance and energy balance of cluster head and energy utilization of nodes.