1.航空工业空气动力研究院 气动研究与试验二部, 沈阳 110034
2.沈阳市飞行器非定常气动力及流固耦合气动力重点实验室, 沈阳 110034
黄研昕(1988-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师。 E-mail: yhuang76@126.com
收稿:2026-03-11,
修回:2026-07-04,
网络首发:2026-07-28,
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陈金池,刘南,黄研昕,等. 光纤应变传感技术在结构变形测量中的应用[J]. 航空工程进展.
CHEN Jinchi,LIU Nan,HUANG Yanxin, et al. Application of optical fiber strain sensing technology in structural deformation measurement[J]. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering.(in Chinese)
结构变形测量是静气弹、颤振和阵风载荷减缓等风洞试验的关键环节。近年来,激光位移测量与数字图像相关技术已被广泛应用于结构变形测量,其高精度测量结果可作为位移测量的参考基准,然而,在存在流场干扰、视场遮挡或需满足实时控制反馈的复杂试验环境下,上述方法仍存在一定局限性。为此,提出一种基于光纤应变数据的结构变形实时预测方法,通过静态加载试验获取结构应变与位移的样本数据,并建立数据驱动的应变—位移映射关系,以实现结构变形的预测;通过地面试验与阵风风洞试验,验证所提方法对结构静变形和瞬态响应变形的预测精度。结果表明:该方法对静变形的预测误差可达到0.01 mm,对结构瞬态响应的误差低于测点响应幅值的0.5%。本文所提方法可应用于风洞试验及飞行试验,为大展弦比机翼等柔性结构的气动弹性响应分析提供测量手段与数据支持。
Structural deformation measurement is a critical component in wind tunnel tests concerning static aeroelasticity, flutter, and gust load alleviation. In recent years, high-precision optical methods like laser displacement measurement and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) have been widely used as reference benchmarks in structural deformation measurement. However, these optical methods face limitations in complex environments characterized by flow field interference, field-of-view occlusion, or the need for real-time feedback. To overcome these constraints, this paper proposes a real-time structural deformation prediction method based on fiber optic strain data. The method obtains strain-displacement sample data through static loading tests, and establishes a data-driven mapping for deformation prediction. Ground tests and gust wind tunnel tests were carried out to verify the prediction accuracy for both static deformation and transient vibrations. The results demonstrate that the method achieves a prediction error of 0.01 mm for static deformation, while keeping the transient response error below 0.5% of the response amplitude. The proposed method is applicable to both wind tunnel and flight tests, providing an effective measurement approach for the aeroelastic response analysis of flexible structures, such as high-aspect-ratio wings.
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