1.南昌航空大学 动力与能源学院, 南昌 330063
2.南昌航空大学 航空宇航学院, 南昌 330063
3.高密度电磁动力与系统全国重点实验室, 北京 100190
熊俊辉(1986-),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:xjh@nchu.edu.cn
收稿:2026-06-26,
修回:2026-08-29,
网络首发:2026-09-16,
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杨景龙,熊俊辉,丁凯妍,等. 复合翼垂直起降飞行器电机臂气动外形设计与仿真分析[J]. 航空工程进展.
YANG Jinglong,XIONG Junhui,DING Kaiyan, et al. Aerodynamic shape design and simulation analysis of motor arms for compound-wing eVTOL aircraft[J]. Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering.(in Chinese)
现有电动垂直起降飞行器电机臂在巡航及垂直起降阶段存在气流分离、涡旋回流等气动问题,导致升阻特性欠佳、功率损耗较大。基于一款起飞质量150 kg级8旋翼垂直起降双涵道平推构型的电动垂直起降飞行器,通过CATIA宏文件代码搭建电机臂曲面建模脚本框架,并提取修改关键参数值,对电机臂进行参数化修形设计;采用Fluent软件对比分析修形与未修形电机臂在巡航和垂直起降状态下的气动特性,研究电机臂不同工况下的性能变化规律。结果表明:修形电机臂可以有效抑制气流流动分离,使气流更贴合电机臂表面;在迎角4°且整机升阻比最大时,修形电机臂升力同比增长104.05%,阻力同比降低13.52%,升阻比同比增长135.95%;在垂直起降阶段相同转速下,修形电机臂减少涡旋和回流的产生,旋翼整体升力与输出功率均优于未修形状态,在不同桨臂间距区间内,旋翼升力同比增长极值为3.71%,输出功率同比增长极值为2.93%。证明了电机臂修形减阻的必要性与有效性。
Motor arms of eVTOL aircraft suffer flow separation and vortex recirculation during cruise and VTOL, degrading lift-to-drag characteristics and increasing power loss. For a 150-kg-class, eight-rotor, twin-ducted pusher eVTOL, a CATIA macro-based framework was developed for motor-arm surface modeling, and key parameters were extracted for parametric reshaping. Fluent simulations compared modified and unmodified arms under cruise and VTOL conditions. The modified arm suppressed flow separation and improved airflow attachment. At 4° angle of attack (maximum aircraft lift-to-drag ratio), it increased lift by 104.05%, reduced drag by 13.52%, and raised lift-to-drag ratio by 135.95% over the unmodified arm. In VTOL at the same rotational speed, it reduced vortices and recirculation, giving higher total rotor lift and output power than the unmodified state; maximum increases reached 3.71% and 2.93%, respectively, across propeller-arm spacings. These results confirm the necessity and effectiveness of motor-arm reshaping for drag reduction.
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