Aiming at establishing a real-time linear model of a turbofan engine with a fixed nozzle

a method of applying particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize state space model was proposed. The high pressure rotor corrected speed was selected as the gain scheduling parameter

a real-time piecewise linear dynamic model (RPLDM) which covers the entire operating envelop was built. The proposed optimizing method was validated by the similarity between the simulation results of the optimized linear model and the nonlinear model running in the entire flight envelop. Specifically

the comparative errors like pressure

temperature

and shaft speed of the turbofan engine are all within 3.5%.