Based on existing supercooled large droplet (SLD) dynamic characteristics

the effects of droplet deformation on drag were analyzed

and the effects of drag change

rebounding and splashing of SLD on droplet impingement characteristics were analyzed by several typical rebounding/splashing models. The splashing model from software of FENSAP-ICE and rebounding model from software of LEWICE 2.0 were used to study the influence of rebounding and splashing to ice shape. The results show that the droplet diameter distribution is influenced greatly by the breaking up before droplet impingement

which should be considered in calculation of impingement characteristics and ice shape; breaking up

splashing and rebounding of SLD results in the decrease of local water collection coefficient and droplet impingement region; the splashing occurs mainly near the leading edge of airfoils and rebounding occur near the edge of the impingement region; with the droplet size increasing

splashing becomes weak

while rebounding is still obvious; the effect of drag change induced by SLD deformation on ice shape and ice accretion region is negligible; compared with the ice shape without considering splashing and rebounding

the ice shape considering splashing and rebounding is approximately the same at the leading edge

while the whole ice accretion region is smaller.