Based on a type of three-dimensional slice model of brush seals in combination with the CFD method

the aerodynamic forces applied onto bristles were analyzed and simplified to the concentration of a smaller amount of point forces. Bristle tip forces and torques caused by aerodynamic forces were quantitatively investigated using torque rebalance and linear superposition principles. A test rig and a brush seal ring were applied to verify the related theory in test. Orthogonal tests were used to study the influences of the bristle length

inter-bristle spacing

bristle row number

lay angle

bristle diameter and protection clearance on leakage rates

aerodynamic forces

bristle tip forces and torques. Results indicate that the calculated total leakage rate and torques agree with the test data

the error at each point is less than 20%. The influences of bristle diameter

inter-bristle spacing

protection clearance

bristle row number on total leakage rate are very significant

and influence of the lay angle on torques are very significant too.