基于改进GWO⁃LightGBM的滚动轴承未知故障诊断

柴琴琴; 陈舒迪; 王武; 黄捷

doi:10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210221

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基于改进GWO⁃LightGBM的滚动轴承未知故障诊断

动力传输 | 更新时间：2025-04-07

- 基于改进GWO⁃LightGBM的滚动轴承未知故障诊断
- Unknown fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on improved GWO⁃LightGBM
- 航空动力学报 2022年37卷第4期页码：848-855
- 作者机构：
  
  福州大学电气工程与自动化学院，福州 350108
- 作者简介：
  
  柴琴琴（1985-），女，副教授，博士，主要从事故障诊断与模式识别研究。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(61603094);福州市科技计划项目(2019⁃G⁃44)
- DOI：10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210221
  中图分类号：
- 稿件说明：
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柴琴琴, 陈舒迪, 王武, 等. 基于改进GWO⁃LightGBM的滚动轴承未知故障诊断[J]. 航空动力学报, 2022,37(4):848-855.

Qinqin CHAI, Shudi CHEN, Wu WANG, et al. Unknown fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on improved GWO⁃LightGBM[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2022, 37(4): 848-855.
柴琴琴, 陈舒迪, 王武, 等. 基于改进GWO⁃LightGBM的滚动轴承未知故障诊断[J]. 航空动力学报, 2022,37(4):848-855. DOI： 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210221.

Qinqin CHAI, Shudi CHEN, Wu WANG, et al. Unknown fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on improved GWO⁃LightGBM[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2022, 37(4): 848-855. DOI： 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20210221.

摘要

针对滚动轴承未知新故障误判影响轴承安全性和检修效率的问题，提出了一种基于改进灰狼算法（GWO）和轻量级梯度提升机（LightGBM）的故障诊断模型，实现已知/未知故障的高精度判别。为避免单一尺度下特征提取的缺失，对滚动轴承振动信号分别提取时域、频域和小波域特征建立多域特征集。设计了带未知新故障判别机制的GWO⁃LightGBM模型，并构造含有Halton序列和模拟退火策略的GWO实现了模型参数有效优化。实例试验结果表明，模型对已知和未知类故障平均识别率达99.57%，10次随机试验平均识别率分别比单一分类模型逻辑回归（LR）、最近邻分类器（KNN）和支持向量机（SVM）高21.98%、17.00%、9.27%，验证了模型的有效性和优越性，能高准确率地识别出已知或以前从未出现的新故障。

Abstract

In view of misjudgment of unknown new faults of rolling bearing affects bearing safety and maintenance efficienc，a fault diagnosis model based on improved gray wolf optimization （GWO） and light gradient boosting machine （LightGBM） was proposed to realize high precision discrimination about the known and unknown faults.The time domain，frequency domain and wavelet domain features were extracted separately from the vibration signal of the rolling bearing to avoid the lack of feature extraction at a single scale.The GWO⁃LightGBM model with unknown new fault diagnosis mechanism was designed，and the improved gray wolf algorithm with Halton sequence and simulated annealing strategy was constructed to realize the effective optimization of model parameters.The experimental results showed that the average recognition rate of the model for known and unknown faults was 99.57%.The average recognition rates for 10 times random experiments were 21.98%，17.00% and 9.27% higher than logistic regression （LR），K⁃nearest neighbor （KNN） and support vector machine （SVM），respectively.The comparative experiments verified the effectiveness and superiority of the model，which can identify known or unknown new faults with high accuracy.

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references

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