基于近场动力学的破片撞击YAG透明陶瓷裂纹扩展数值模拟研究

商广源; 谈梦婷; 刘慕皓; 李逸; 张瑜辉; 张先锋

doi:10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2025.141

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基于近场动力学的破片撞击YAG透明陶瓷裂纹扩展数值模拟研究

工程力学 | 更新时间：2026-04-18

- 基于近场动力学的破片撞击YAG透明陶瓷裂纹扩展数值模拟研究
- Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in YAG Transparent Ceramic Under Fragment Impact Based on Peridynamics Method
- 北京理工大学学报 2026年46卷第4期页码：436-450
- 作者机构：
  
  南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏,南京,210094
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "商广源（2000—），男，硕士生，E-mail：1344459009@qq.com" ]
  [ "谈梦婷（1991—），女，博士，副教授，E-mail：mengting.tan@njust.edu.cn" ]
- DOI：10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2025.141
  中图分类号： O385
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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商广源, 谈梦婷, 刘慕皓, 李逸, 张瑜辉, 张先锋. 基于近场动力学的破片撞击YAG透明陶瓷裂纹扩展数值模拟研究[J]. 北京理工大学学报自然版, 2026, 46(4): 436-450.

SHANG Guangyuan, TAN Mengting, LIU Muhao, et al. Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in YAG Transparent Ceramic Under Fragment Impact Based on Peridynamics Method[J]. 2026, 46(4): 436-450.
商广源, 谈梦婷, 刘慕皓, 李逸, 张瑜辉, 张先锋. 基于近场动力学的破片撞击YAG透明陶瓷裂纹扩展数值模拟研究[J]. 北京理工大学学报自然版, 2026, 46(4): 436-450. DOI： 10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2025.141.

SHANG Guangyuan, TAN Mengting, LIU Muhao, et al. Numerical Simulation of Crack Propagation in YAG Transparent Ceramic Under Fragment Impact Based on Peridynamics Method[J]. 2026, 46(4): 436-450. DOI： 10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2025.141.

摘要

为准确预测冲击作用下透明陶瓷的裂纹扩展过程，针对传统连续介质力学方法在模拟冲击载荷作用下脆性材料损伤时的局限性，引入键型近场动力学理论，构建碳化钨破片撞击YAG透明陶瓷的数值模型. 通过边缘冲击实验验证模型的可靠性，系统研究撞击过程中材料的动态裂纹演化机制，并深入分析冲击速度、能量释放率及破片形状等因素对裂纹扩展行为的影响规律. 研究结果表明，破片冲击作用下，陶瓷内部呈现粉碎区扩展、裂纹扩展与碎片剥落飞溅三阶段破环模式. 撞击速度增加，损伤速度先增加后保持不变，在较高速度下，主裂纹扩展角度无显著变化. 次裂纹簇位置随撞击速度增加而靠近中心，速度较高时次裂纹簇消失. 透明陶瓷能量释放率的增加有效抑制粉碎区形成，对最终破坏形态无显著影响. 与锥形破片相比，球形与柱形破片对陶瓷产生裂纹扩展模式有显著差异，但冲击破坏程度弱. 陶瓷层达到临界厚度时，复合靶板（YAG/PVB/玻璃）中夹胶层可有效阻断裂纹传播. 研究成果可为定量分析透明陶瓷裂纹扩展、精准预测冲击损伤提供了可靠手段，为轻质−高强−可视一体化透明复合结构设计奠定基础.

Abstract

To overcome the limitations of classical continuum mechanics in modeling brittle fracture under impact loading

a bond-based peridynamic framework was adopted to accurately predict crack propagation in transparent ceramics. A numerical model simulating tungsten carbide fragments’ impacts on YAG transparent ceramic was developed and validated through edge-on impact experiments. The model elucidated the dynamic crack-evolution mechanisms during penetration

and quantitatively assessed the roles of impact velocity

energy-release rate

and fragment shape in governing crack propagation. Results reveal a three-stage failure sequence: (i) comminuted-zone expansion

(ii) crack propagation

and (iii) fragment ejection. As impact velocity rose

the damage rate increased and then plateaued; the propagation angle of primary cracks remained essentially constant at higher velocities. Secondary-crack clusters migrated toward the impact axis with increasing velocity and vanished at sufficiently high speeds. Raising the ceramic’s energy-release rate markedly suppressed comminuted-zone formation yet exerted a negligible influence on the final fracture pattern. Compared with conical projectile

spherical and cylindrical projectiles produced distinctly different crack networks while inflicting less overall damage. Once the ceramic layer exceeded a critical thickness

the PVB interlayer in YAG/PVB/glass composite targets effectively arrested crack propagation. The findings provide a robust tool for quantitatively analyzing crack propagation

accurately predicting impact damage

laying the groundwork for lightweight

high-strength

and optically integrated transparent composite structures.

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references

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