In view of demand of lighter thermal protection system for our national space vehicle，recentdevelopment of investigation and practical application of lightweight thermal protection ablation materials aresummarized systematically at home and abroad，in which the silicon or resin reinforced with honeycomb structuralreinforcement and resin impregnated fibrous substrate ablators are included，focuses Onsilicone resin reinforced with glass，silica or carbon fiber/phenolic honeycomb as well assilicon，phenolic andSilicone ImpregnatedReusabletendencyCeramic Ablator(SIRCA) and Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator(in the future of aboard lightweight ablators is proposed，which canPICA)，finally the developmentdirectly borrow or simply drawinspiration for our country in this field.