1.南京航空航天大学直升机动力学全国重点实验室,南京 210016
2.南京航空航天大学江苏省精密与微细制造技术重点实验室,南京 210016
3.南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京 210016
侯祥颖,男,副教授,E-mail: houxiangying@126.com。
收稿:2025-07-01,
修回:2025-12-15,
纸质出版:2026-04-28
移动端阅览
马辰飞,侯祥颖,杨凯,等. 基于ANSYS/LS‑DYNA的圆柱滚子轴承滚子偏摆特性研究[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版),2026,58(2):313⁃322.
MA Chenfei, HOU Xiangying, YANG Kai, et al. Research on roller skew characteristics of cylindrical roller bearings based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics(Natural Science Edition),2026, 58(2):313⁃322.
马辰飞,侯祥颖,杨凯,等. 基于ANSYS/LS‑DYNA的圆柱滚子轴承滚子偏摆特性研究[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版),2026,58(2):313⁃322. DOI: 10.16356/j.2097-6771.2026.02.007.
MA Chenfei, HOU Xiangying, YANG Kai, et al. Research on roller skew characteristics of cylindrical roller bearings based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics(Natural Science Edition),2026, 58(2):313⁃322. DOI: 10.16356/j.2097-6771.2026.02.007.
圆柱滚子轴承高速运转过程中,滚子与滚道的接触线和轴承旋转轴线之间存在一定的偏摆角度,这种滚子偏摆现象会使滚子与内外圈的接触线出现承载应力分布不均匀的问题,从而加剧滚子的局部磨损。本文针对目前滚子轴承滚子偏摆规律研究不足、滚子偏摆表征方法不明确等问题,以某航空圆柱滚子轴承为研究对象,基于显式动力学理论,采用LS‑PREPOST建立仿真网格模型,通过ANSYS/LS‑DYNA进行求解计算。在考虑轴承转速、载荷和保持架兜孔间隙下,开展了圆柱滚子轴承显式动力学有限元仿真分析。提出了一种滚子偏摆数据跟踪提取的方法,并通过试验测试验证了仿真的可行性。仿真结果表明:圆柱滚子偏摆角受径向载荷和轴承转速影响较大。随着载荷和转速的增加,滚子偏摆角度平均值和最大值均减小并且波动幅值呈现降低趋势。载荷由2 446 N增加到5 118 N时,滚子偏摆平均值减小了25.7%,最大值减小了18.3%。转速由5 225 r/min增加到20 900 r/min时,滚子偏摆平均值减小了21.06%,最大值减小了19.1%。相比于载荷和转速,保持架兜孔间隙对滚子偏摆具有显著影响。当兜孔间隙小于0.12 mm时,滚子运动空间受限导致滚子和保持架之间的碰撞变得剧烈,滚子出现剧烈偏摆波动;当兜孔间隙大于0.12 mm时,圆柱滚子偏摆最大值和平均值均增大,这种情况下会增大滚动轴承的振动。针对本文研究对象,选取轴承兜孔间隙在0.12 mm左右有利于降低滚子偏摆角度均值、最大值和波动幅值。
During the high-speed operation of cylindrical roller bearings, there is a certain deflection angle between the contact line of the rollers and raceways and the bearing rotation axis. This roller deflection phenomenon leads to an uneven distribution of load stress along the contact line between the rollers and the inner and outer rings, exacerbating localized wear of the rollers. Therefore, addressing the current issues of insufficient research on roller deflection patterns and unclear characterization methods for roller deflection in roller bearings, this paper takes an aerospace cylindrical roller bearing as the research subject. Based on the explicit dynamics theory, a simulation mesh model is established using LS-PREPOST and solutions are computed via ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The finite element of explicit dynamics simulation is conducted on cylindrical roller bearings and a method is proposed for tracking and extracting roller skew data, taking account of bearing speeds, loads and the pocket clearance of cage. The feasibility of simulation is verified by experimental testing. The simulation results show that the skew angle of cylindrical roller is greatly affected by radial loads and bearing speeds. As the load and rotation speed increase, the average and maximum values of the roller skew angle decrease and the fluctuation amplitude shows a decreasing trend. When the load increases from 2 446 N to 5 118 N, the average roller deflection decreases by 25.7%, and the maximum value decreases by 18.3%. When the speed increases from 5 225 r/min to 20 900 r/min, the average roller deflection decreases by 21.06%, and the maximum value decreases by 19.1%. Compared to the radial loads and rotation speeds, the clearance of the cage pocket has a significant impact on roller skew. When the pocket clearance is less than 0.12 mm, the restricted motion space of the rollers intensifies collisions between the rollers and the cage, resulting in severe yaw fluctuations of the rollers. Conversely, when the pocket clearance exceeds 0.12 mm, both the maximum and average values of the cylindrical roller yaw increase, which in turn amplifies the vibration of the rolling bearing. For the study presented in this paper, selecting a pocket clearance around 0.12 mm is beneficial for reducing the mean and maximum values of the roller yaw angle as well as the amplitude of its fluctuations.
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