1.宁波大学 信息科学与工程学院, 宁波 315211
2.温州大学 电气与电子工程学院, 温州 325035
邓力鹏,2311100003@nbu.edu.cn
陈伟伟,chenweiwei@nbu.edu.cn
收稿:2026-04-23,
修回:2026-06-01,
录用:2026-06-02,
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邓力鹏,汤毅,孟凡龙,等. 基于悬浮一维光子晶体波导的中红外气体传感阵列[J].光子学报,2026,55(8):0828002
DENG Lipeng, Tang Yi, MENG Fanlong, et al. Mid-infrared gas sensor array based on suspended one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2026, 55(8):0828002
邓力鹏,汤毅,孟凡龙,等. 基于悬浮一维光子晶体波导的中红外气体传感阵列[J].光子学报,2026,55(8):0828002 DOI: 10.3788/gzxb20265508.0828002. CSTR: 32255.14.gzxb20265508.0828002.
DENG Lipeng, Tang Yi, MENG Fanlong, et al. Mid-infrared gas sensor array based on suspended one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2026, 55(8):0828002 DOI: 10.3788/gzxb20265508.0828002. CSTR: 32255.14.gzxb20265508.0828002.
本文提出、设计并分析了一种基于悬浮一维光子晶体波导的中红外气体传感阵列,传感阵列由波长-模式解复用器和悬浮一维光子晶体波导组成。其中,悬浮一维光子晶体波导被设计为支持两种传输模式,通过优化其结构参数使相应的慢光区域与甲烷和二氧化碳的吸收光谱重叠,增强了光与气体的相互作用,从而提升传感波导的检测性能。一维光子晶体波导在3.31 µm和4.23 µm处的慢光增强因子为4.06和2.02。波长-模式解复用器基于直接二进制搜索算法逆向设计,实现了TE
0
模式下4.23 µm和TE
1
模式下3.31 µm波长的分离,
插入损耗分别为0.36 dB和0.695 dB,串扰分别为-26.8 dB和-29.85 dB。仿真结果表明,传感阵列分别在3.31 µm和4.23 µm处以甲烷和二氧化碳作为待测气体时,检测极限分别为19.65 ppb和4.356 ppb,灵敏度为0.423 Wmol
-1
L和1.925 Wmol
-1
L。
Most gas molecules have characteristic absorption peaks in the mid-infrared spectral range, which can be used to analyze the type and concentration of gases. By reducing the group velocity of light, photonic crystal waveguide sensors enhance the interaction strength between light and gas molecules, thereby lowering the limit of detection and improving the sensitivity of the sensor. However, most currently reported photonic crystal waveguides are designed for single-gas detection. Limited by their operating bandwidth, their working spectral range cannot cover the characteristic absorption peaks of multiple gases, which limits their ability to detect multiple gases. Therefore, this work proposed a mid-infrared gas sensor array based on suspended one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides. The proposed one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides support two transmission modes, and their slow-light operating ranges match the characteristic absorption wavelengths of methane and carbon dioxide, respectively, thus allowing both gases to be detected.In this work, the Lumerical FDTD software is used to simulate and analyze the performance of the proposed sensor array. According to the Beer-Lambert law, the limit of detection and sensitivity of the sensor are mainly determined by the slow-light enhancement factor and the propagation loss. Therefore, by adjusting the structural parameters of the one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide, high slow-light enhancement factors can be achieved for the two transmission modes at 3.31 µm and 4.23 µm, while keeping the two target wavelengths sufficiently away from the photonic band edge, thereby reducing the propagation loss. Furthermore, the wavelength-mode demultiplexer is designed and optimized by using the direct binary search (DBS
) algorithm. When TE
0
modes at wavelengths of 4.23 µm and 3.31 µm are input into the device, they are directed to different output ports. Meanwhile, the TE
0
mode at 3.31 µm is converted into the TE
1
mode.On one hand, by adjusting the width and air hole radius of the one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide, the slow-light operating regions of mode 1 and mode 2 are matched to the absorption peaks of carbon dioxide and methane, respectively. On the other hand, by removing the lower cladding on the underside of the proposed sensor array, the contact area between the evanescent field and the target gas is further increased. Finally, high slow-light enhancement factors are achieved by the proposed sensor array at 4.23 µm and 3.31 µm. Furthermore, the wavelength-mode demultiplexer was optimized using the DBS algorithm, enabling the device to separate the TE
0
mode at 4.23 µm from the TE
1
mode at 3.31 µm while being compact. Compared with other mid-infrared gas sensors designed for methane and carbon dioxide, the proposed sensor array can detect methane at 3.31 µm and carbon dioxide at 4.23 µm, and achieves both high slow-light enhancement factors and the low limit of detection.In summary, this work proposed, designed, and analyzed a mid-infrared gas sensor array based on suspended one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides. By optimizing the structure of the one-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide, the array achieves slow-light enhancement factors of 2.02 at 4.23 µm and 4.06 at 3.31 µm, respectively. After optimization with the DBS algorithm, the wavelength-mode demultiplexer achieves insertion losses of 0.36 dB and 0.695 dB, with corresponding crosstalk values of -26.8 dB and -29.85 dB. Simulation results show that, with methane and carbon dioxide as the target gases, the limits of detection are 19.65 ppb and 4.356 ppb, and the sensitivities are 0.423 Wmol
-1
L and 1.925 Wmol
-1
L, respectively. Based on the above performance, the proposed
sensor array can serve as a reference for the design of sensors for multi-gas detection.
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