面向城市低空安全的反无人机技术：从探测、识别到中和

王景璟; 王智伟; 高畅; 陈健瑞; 杜皓华; 姜春晓

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.TXXB260380

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面向城市低空安全的反无人机技术：从探测、识别到中和

更新时间：2026-08-24

- 面向城市低空安全的反无人机技术：从探测、识别到中和
- Anti-UAV Technologies for Urban Low-Altitude Security: From Detection and Identification to Neutralization
- 通信学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京航空航天大学网络空间安全学院，北京 100191
  2.鹏城实验室，广东深圳 518100
  3.清华大学信息国家研究中心，北京 100084
- 作者简介：
  
  王景璟，drwangjj@buaa.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(U24A20213;62571011;72542016);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(QY24126)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.TXXB260380
  中图分类号： V279
- 收稿：2026-06-29，
  
  修回：2026-08-23，
  
  录用：2026-08-24，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王景璟, 王智伟, 高畅, 等. 面向城市低空安全的反无人机技术：从探测、识别到中和[J/OL]. 通信学报, 2026.

Wang Jingjing, Wang Zhiwei, Gao Chang, et al. Anti-UAV Technologies for Urban Low-Altitude Security: From Detection and Identification to Neutralization[J/OL]. Journal on Communications, 2026.
王景璟, 王智伟, 高畅, 等. 面向城市低空安全的反无人机技术：从探测、识别到中和[J/OL]. 通信学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.TXXB260380.

Wang Jingjing, Wang Zhiwei, Gao Chang, et al. Anti-UAV Technologies for Urban Low-Altitude Security: From Detection and Identification to Neutralization[J/OL]. Journal on Communications, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.TXXB260380.

摘要

低空经济的快速发展加速了无人机的大规模部署，但未经授权的无人机活动正日益威胁城市公共安全，引发包括空中碰撞、隐私侵犯、以及对关键基础设施与公共活动的违规袭扰等严重隐患。针对这一新兴空域环境，本文对反无人机技术的相关研究进行了系统性综述。首先，文章概述了城市低空安全所面临的独特挑战，如复杂的感知环境、困难的目标识别以及有限的反制手段等。随后，文章围绕感知、识别和反制三个阶段，详细梳理了当前的主流技术手段：在感知层面，涵盖了雷达、射频、光学与红外、声学及多模态融合等探测技术；在识别层面，剖析了基于身份与基于行为的识别技术；在反制层面，归纳了干扰压制、欺骗劫持、物理捕获、打击毁伤等中和技术。同时，文章总结了各阶段的核心评估指标与实验环境设定，对比了学术界与工业界之间的差异。最后，本文展望了反无人机技术的未来趋势，即感知网络化、识别智能化与反制协同化。

Abstract

The rapid development of the low-altitude economy has accelerated the large-scale deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However

unauthorized UAV activities are increasingly threatening urban public safety

giving rise to severe potential hazards including mid-air collisions

privacy infringements

and non-compliant harassment or attacks against critical infrastructure and public events. Addressing this emerging airspace environment

this paper presents a systematic review of research on anti-UAV technologies. First

the paper outlines the unique challenges faced by urban low-altitude security

such as complex sensing environments

difficult target identification

and limited countermeasure options. Subsequently

centered on three stages—sensing

identification

and countermeasure—the current mainstream technical means are comprehensively reviewed. At the sensing level

detection technologies including radar

radio frequency (RF)

optical and infrared

acoustics

and multimodal fusion are covered; at the identification level

identification technologies based on identity and behavior are analyzed; at the countermeasure level

neutralization technologies such as jamming suppression

deceptive hijacking

physical capture

and kinetic damage are summarized. Meanwhile

the core evaluation metrics and experimental environment settings of each stage are concluded

with a comparison made between the differences in academia and industry. Finally

the paper forecasts the future trends of anti-UAV technologies

namely

networked sensing

intelligent identification

and collaborative countermeasure.

关键词

Keywords

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